The relationship between academic expectation stress and self-defeating behavior and cognition: the mediating role of emotional self-awareness

Submitted: 2024 July 14
Accepted: 2024 August 2
Published: 2024 September 13
Abstract Views: 114
PDF: 21
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

Authors

Self-defeating behaviors and cognitions can significantly hinder individuals’ ability to achieve their goals. This study aims to explore the relationship between academic expectation stress and self-defeating behavior and cognition, with a focus on the mediating role of emotional self-awareness. Using a correlational design and structural equation modeling, we surveyed 200 first-year secondary school girls from villages in Roudbane city during the 2022-2023 academic year. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Academic Expectations Stress Inventory, the Self-Defeating Behaviors and Cognitions Scale, and the Self-Awareness Outcomes Questionnaire. Analyses were conducted using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling with SPSS v26 and AMOS v24 software. Results indicated that both academic expectation stress and emotional self-awareness directly influence self-defeating behavior and cognition. Additionally, academic expectation stress indirectly affects these outcomes through the mediating role of emotional self-awareness. These findings suggest that educational psychologists and school counselors should consider both academic stress and emotional self-awareness when developing strategies to prevent self-defeating behaviors and cognitions in students.

Dimensions

Altmetric

PlumX Metrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Baran L, Jonason PK. Academic dishonesty among university students: the roles of the psychopathy, motivation, and self-efficacy. PLoS One 2020;15:e0238141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238141
Bibak F, Karimi Q, Sangani A, et al. Develop an educational package on perceptions of school climate and its feasibility on self-defeating academic behaviors of male students. Rooyesh 2022;11:1-10.
Hadadranjbar S, Sadipour E, Delavar A, et al. Effectiveness of training program based on cognitive-behavior approach on academic emotions in students with academic self-defeating behaviors. Educ Strategy Med Sci 2018;11:108-17.
Van Huynh S. The reality of self-destruction levels of students at secondary schools in Vietnam. IJLD 2018;8:140-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v8i3.13671
Zhang F. A theoretical review on the impact of EFL/ESL students’ self-sabotaging behaviors on their self-esteem and academic engagement. Front Psychol 2022;13:873734. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.873734
Ang RP, Huan VS. Relationship between academic stress and suicidal ideation: testing for depression as a mediator using multiple regression. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2006;37:133-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-006-0023-8
Deng Y, Cherian J, Khan NU, et al. Family and academic stress and their impact on students’ depression level and academic performance. Front Psychiatry 2022;13:869337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.869337
Wuthrich VM, Jagiello T, Azzi V. Academic stress in the final years of school: a systematic literature review. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020;51:986-1015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-00981-y
Patel V, Ramasundarahettige C, Vijayakumar L, et al. Suicide mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet 2012;379:2343-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60606-0
Chahal S, Nadda A, Govil N, et al. Suicide deaths among medical students, residents and physicians in India spanning a decade (2010-2019): an exploratory study using on line news portals and Google database. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022;68:718-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640211011365
Zheng G, Zhang Q, Ran G. The association between academic stress and test anxiety in college students: the mediating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy and the moderating role of parental expectations. Front Psychol 2023;14:1008679. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1008679
Reddy KJ, Menon KR, Thattil A. Academic stress and its sources among university students. Biomed Pharmacol J 2018;11:531-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1404
Von der Embse N, Jester D, Roy D, et al. Test anxiety effects, predictors, and correlates: a 30-year meta-analytic review. J Affect Disord 2018;227:483-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.048
Baumeister RF, Scher SJ. Self-defeating behavior patterns among normal individuals: review and analysis of common self-destructive tendencies. Psychol Bull 1988;104:3-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.104.1.3
Lane RD, Smith R. Levels of emotional awareness: theory and measurement of a socio-emotional skill. J Intell 2021;9:42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence9030042
Killian KD. Development and validation of the emotional self‐awareness questionnaire: a measure of emotional intelligence. J Marital Fam Ther 2012;38:502-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2011.00233.x
Musil CM, Jones SL, Warner CD. Structural equation modeling and its relationship to multiple regression and factor analysis. Res Nurs Health 1998;21:271-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199806)21:3<271::AID-NUR10>3.3.CO;2-5
Habibi Asgarabad M, Charkhabi M, Fadaei Z, et al. Academic expectations of stress inventory: a psychometric evaluation of validity and reliability of the Persian version. J Pers Med 2021;11:1208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111208
Cunningham, CJ. Need for recovery and ineffective self-management. 2007. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1179866357 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/e518442013-330
Rashidi A, Zandi F, Yarahmadi Y, et al. The effectiveness of academic enthusiasm-based educational program on self-defeating academic behavior of Ivan’s high school students. Appl Psychol 2021;15:23-9. [Article in Arabic]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52547/apsy.2021.221548.1036
Grant AM, Franklin J, Langford P. The self-reflection and insight scale: a new measure of private self-consciousness. Soc Behav Pers 2002;30:821-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.8.821
Sutton A. Measuring the effects of self-awareness: construction of the self-awareness outcomes questionnaire. Eur J Psychol 2016;12:645-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v12i4.1178
Mohanna S, Talepasand S. The relationship between environmental supports and emotional self-awareness with academic engagement: the mediating role of educational well-being. Iran J Med Educ 2016;10:31-42.
Haspolat NK, Yalçın İ. Psychological symptoms in high achieving students: the multiple mediating effects of parental achievement pressure, perfectionism, and academic expectation stress. Psychol Sch 2023;60:4721-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.23012
Ortiz S, Aggarwal P, Jain A, et al. Examining the relationship between academic expectations and suicidal ideation among college students in India using the interpersonal theory of suicide. Arch Suicide Res 2023;27:1163-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2022.2110026
Sarkashikiyan SM, Babakhani N, Bagheri N. The relationship between academic expectations stress and academic self-defeating behaviors: the mediating role of uncertainty intolerance. Rooyesh 2022;11:169-80.
Sarkashikiyan SM, Babakhani N, Bagheri N. Structural equation modeling for predicting academic self-defeating behaviors based on brain-behavioral systems (BAS, BIS, FFFS), Uncertainty intolerance and intelligence beliefs due to the mediating role of academic expectations stress. J Educ Res 2021;9:426-38.
Pabst S, Brand M, Wolf OT. Stress and decision making: a few minutes make all the difference. Behav Brain Res 2013;250:39-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.04.046
Mo J, Wang C, Niu X, et al. The relationship between impulsivity and self-injury in Chinese undergraduates: The chain mediating role of stressful life events and negative affect. J Affect Disord 2019;256:259-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.074

How to Cite

1.
Dehban Z, Maleki Pirbazari M, Ashournejad F. The relationship between academic expectation stress and self-defeating behavior and cognition: the mediating role of emotional self-awareness. Mental Wellness [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 13 [cited 2024 Oct. 4];2(1). Available from: https://www.mental-wellness-journal.net/mw/article/view/13